To establish the effect of tobacco smoking on health, one of the most important measures for determining the impact of tobacco on a population is to estimate the tobacco attributable fraction (TAF). In Morocco, few estimates are available on tobacco attributable fraction mainly for lung cancer. The objective of this study is to determine an adapted method of estimating the TAF of the lung cancer in Morocco. An overview of the literature was made for the last 30 years. The methods of estimating the TAF used according to the type of studies were reviewed. Data about frequencies, association measures and relative risks were extracted from available sources. All relevant papers were reviewed and analyzed. The
most widely used methods were the prevalence methods and the estimations were based on the Levin’s formula. The application of this formula in the population for Morocco using the available data needed (smoking prevalence and Relative Risk) has shown that the TAF of lung cancer for male was about 87%. Despite the limitation of the used method for calculating the TAF, it is still the one of the most important approach to estimate the related impact of smoking to lung cancer.